Day 123 Geology

February 24, 2012 Day 123

Geology 6 x 6 using Earth’s Shifting Surfaces pages 20-27

6 Vocabulary

1.       Magma/ lava: molten rock found beneath Earth’s surface. Magma that reaches the surface, through volcanoes for example, is called lava.

2.       Mid-Atlantic Ridge: a divergent tectonic plate boundary located along the floor of Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world

3.       Asthenosphere: The layer below the lithosphere is called the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is the partly melted layer of the mantle that the plates move on.

4.       Sediment: Pieces of rock that have been worn away and moved to another place

5.       Weathering: the breakdown of rock on or near Earth’s surface

6.       Erosion: the process of being worn away by wind or water

6 Sentences

1. When two plates move apart from each other, magma rises up from the mantle; these places are called constructive plate boundaries.

2. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge runs all the way down the middle of the ocean; it is a huge undersea mountain range that rises 980 ft above the sea floor and is over 620 miles wide.

3. The denser oceanic crust is forced into the asthenosphere and then melts away.

4. When weathered rocks are transported elsewhere it becomes sedimentary rock.

5. Over long periods of time, the force of weathering slowly breaks down igneous rick.

6. Mount Everest, the highest peak in the Himalayas is being pushed up about a centimeter a year; Erosion is wearing it down nearly as fast.

6 Facts/ Details

1. India has been being pushed northward into the Eurasian tectonic plate for millions of years. This collision has caused the land to crumple forming the Himalayan Mountain Range.

2. A popular idea in the 19^th century was that Earth was shrinking and the mountains and continents were formed when the Earth crinkled up like the skin of an old apple.

3. The rock cycle has 5 parts, 1, the magma uplift 2, the erosion of the magma and when the weathered rock is transported elsewhere 3 the breakdown of the magma into sedimentary rock 4, the uplift of the sedimentary rock and 5 the melting and cooling of the rock to start the cycle again

4. The Rocky Mountains of North America were formed over 120 million years when the Pacific plate and the North American Plate collided together.

5. The top of Mount Everest was once the bottom of the ocean; Fossils of marine animals that are about 65 million years old have been found at the summit

6. Constructive plate boundaries are found where new oceanic crust is formed

6 Questions

1. What are destructive plate boundaries? A: Destructive plate boundaries are made when one plate may move beneath the other, these are called destructive plate boundaries because the crust id=s destroyed there

2. Is the Earth getting bigger? Why or Why Not? A: Earth is getting bigger slightly every day, by maybe an inch. However, the Earth is also decreasing by an inch so this balance keeps the earth basically the same size.

3. What are the places called where a new crust fills the gap between shifting plates? A: Constructive plate boundaries

4. Describe “Mountain Building”: When two continental plates collide together they fold upwards creating a mountain or mountain range. This is how the Rocky Mountains in North America were formed.

5. What was the theory of “Shrinking Earth”? A: In the 19^th century people believed that the Earth was shrinking and that’s how the mountains and Volcanoes were formed.

6. Summarize the Rock Cycle: The rock cycle has 5 parts, 1, the magma uplift 2, the erosion of the magma and when the weathered rock is transported elsewhere 3 the breakdown of the magma into sedimentary rock 4, the uplift of the sedimentary rock and 5 the melting and cooling of the rock to start the cycle again

* I already answered most of these questions in my facts and details and I didn’t even read the questions!

6 Images—find Earthquakes, Volcano, Rock Cycle, Eruption

6 Points of Interest from Graphic Organizer book: Rock Cycle

1. Magma is made of gases and liquid minerals it exists under Earth’s surface where temperatures can reach more than 1,832 degrees

2. Igneous rock forms when it is forced to the surface through a volcano

3. Igneous means made from fire

4. Sedimentary rock is a form of weathered rock and plant and animal remains pressed against each other.

5. Metamorphic rock forms underground when layers of rock are partly melted by heat from underground.

6. Pressure forces rock underground

Bonus: Email Grandpa Mike and Grandma Linda about their experience in the Philippians when Mt. Pinatubo erupted. Write 6 good questions here that you want to ask them. Also ask them to share some pictures with you.

1. Did you know that Mount Pinatubo was going to erupt when you where there?

2. Were you evacuated off the island?

3. Did you see any of the eruption process?

4. Was your hotel or place you were staying at damaged?

5. Did you know anyone who was harmed?

6. was it scary or was it cool?